The Chemistry of Life - Mrs. DiMarcella's Science Site



Concentration Recall:

• What is concentration?

• ___________________________________: unequal distribution of particles (solute) in a solution

o How will particles move?

• Equal concentration = _________________________________

Cell Transport:

• What do cells need to transport across the cell membrane?

Types of Transport:

• ____________________________: movement of materials across a membrane ______________________ the use of energy (ATP)

o Molecules move from an area of ________________ concentration to an area of ___________ concentration.

o ____________ the concentration gradient

o Three types:

▪ _____________________________________

▪ _____________________________________

▪ _____________________________________

o Diffusion:

▪ Movement of materials across _______________________________________________

o Molecules move from an area of ___________ concentration to a ___________ concentration

o Down or with the ____________________________________________

▪ Example: There is a ______________________________________ in the lungs and a ___________________________________ in the blood. Which direction will Oxygen move? __________________________________

• Why? _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________

o Facilitated Diffusion

▪ Diffusion of ___________________________ molecules across a membrane with the help of ________________________________________________

• Molecules move from an area of ________________ concentration to an area of ____________ concentration.

o Osmosis:

▪ The movement of ________________________ across a _________________________ ______________________________________________________

• Water moves from an area of ________________________ concentration of water (________________________________) to a _______________ concentration of water (________________________________).

• Remember:

o A lot of water = ___________________________________

o A little bit of water = ______________________________________

Passive Transport Quick Review:

1. Does passive transport require energy? _____________________

2. Give 3 examples of passive transport.

3. What direction to molecules move in passive transport?

4. How does diffusion differ from facilitated diffusion?

5. What type of passive transport describes how water moves? _____________________

6. Complete the following concept map for passive transport:

Types of Solutions: How does water know which way to move?

• Movement of water depends on the _____________________________.

o Water always moves towards the area of ______________________________ or _____________________________.

• Hypertonic solution

o Has a ________________________________ than another solution

o What will happen to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?

▪ Water will move _____________________ the cell towards an area of ______________________________________.

▪ Cell _________________________________________.

• Hypotonic solution

o Has a _____________________________________ than another solution

o What will happen to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution?

▪ Water will move ______________ the cell towards an area of ___________________________________________.

▪ Animal cell: ___________________________

▪ Plant cell: ____________________________

▪ Ideal environment for _____________________________________.

• Isotonic solutions

o Two solutions that have the _______________________________________________________

o What will happen to a cell placed in an isotonic solution?

▪ Water moves ____________________________________________________________

▪ Cells ______________________________________

▪ Ideal environment for ____________________________________________

Are the cells in a hypertonic, hypotonic or isotonic solutions?

Active Transport:

• ___________________________ are used to move molecules (minerals & nutrients) across the membrane using ___________________________________________

o Molecules move from __________________ concentration to _______________ concentration

[pic]

• Endocytosis:

o A process when a cell surrounds and _______________________________ large materials or large amounts of materials from the environment

o Types of Endocytosis:

▪ ______________________________: movement of ______________________ into cell

▪ ______________________________: movement of ______________________ into cell

• Exocytosis:

o The ________________________________________________________ of material from the cell

▪ Ex: getting rid of ___________________________.

• Endocytosis & exocytosis often work __________________________.

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= solute

= solute

What molecule will diffuse? Why?

Glucose

molecules

Low

Concentration

Cell

Membrane

High

Concentration

Protein

Large molecules with help of membrane proteins

Movement of water

Small molecules through membrane

Molecules move

Passive Transport

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