Elements of Art Review - St. Francis Preparatory School



COMMERICAL ART: Shmerykowsky

The elements of art are a set of techniques that describe ways of presenting artwork. They are the “building blocks” of art creation.

The elements of art are….

Line

Shape

Value

Form

Color

Texture

Space

LINE:

Lines are a series of points connected.

They express motion, emotion, direction and distance.

LINE WEIGHT is the thickness & applied pressure of an art tool to describe proximity or a type of emotion.

SHAPE:

The two-dimensional representation of an object.

Shapes are made up of LINES.

Shapes are flat. Examples are squares, circles, triangles and so on.

There are ORGANIC and GEOMETRIC shapes. (Natural curves vs. Man-made angles, corners and degrees.)

VALUE:

Another term is GRADATION: A GRADUAL change from a light to dark or vice versa.

Value can be achieved through layering or applied pressure of an art tool/medium.

Value can be created through blending, hatching, cross-hatching, stippling or a type of pattern.

FORM:

The three-dimensional counterpart to shape.

Forms appear more real through VALUE. Examples are a cube, sphere, prism and so on.

COLOR:

Primary colors: RED, BLUE and YELLOW. They make ALL other colors but can not be make themselves.

Secondary colors are made by mixing two primary colors together.

The secondary colors are:

Orange - made by mixing red and yellow

Green - made by mixing blue and yellow

Violet - made by mixing blue and red

Tertiary colors made by mixing a secondary and a primary color together. Some examples are blue-green and red-violet. They are INBETWEEN every primary and secondary on the COLOR WHEEL.

Warm colors are red, yellow and orange, because they convey the feeling of warmth.

Cool colors are blue, green and violet, conveying a feeling of coolness and quiet.

Neutral colors are also called the earth tones, and are the colors of black, white and gray. At times brown, beige and tan are also considered as neutral colors.

Monochromatic: TINTS (add White) & SHADES (add BLACK) of the same color. For example: Light blue, Blue, Dark blue.

Complementary colors are colors that are on the opposite sides on the COLOR WHEEL. When mixed, they create a type of dull or brown-like color.

They are….

Red and Green

Yellow and Violet

Blue and Orange

TEXTURE:

Texture can be either real or perceived.

Tactile texture is how an artwork actually feels.

Implied texture is how an artwork appears to feel. Sometimes tone can create texture.

We can use various LINES and VALUES to create the illusion of a texture.

SPACE:

The use of space and room in a piece of art.

Positive space is the space taken up by objects (surface).

Negative space is the distance between and around objects (white space).

Linear perspective: distant objects are rendered proportionately smaller than closer ones.

Atmospheric perspective: renders distant objects and spaces with less detail and intensity than closer objects.

Overlapping of objects on the picture plane can suggest space.

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