Association of the Sons of Liberty in New York; December ...
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|As a member of the New York State Ratification Convention, your task is to deliberate and debate the merits of the proposed Constitution. You will |
|be assigned the role of EITHER a Federalist OR Anti-Federalist and your task is to convince your fellow delegates to support your position. At the |
|end of the Convention debate, you will vote on whether or not to ratify the Constitution. After the Convention, you will write a |
|“Letter-to-the-Editor” in defense of your vote. |
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|Step #1: |
|You will be assigned the role of either a Federalist or Anti-Federalist. Instead of debating every aspect of the Constitution, you will also be |
|assigned one of the following issues to focus on in your research and debate: |
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|separation of powers/ checks and balances |
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|the elastic clause |
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|congressional powers of taxation and war |
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|a bill of rights |
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|Step #2: |
|Read these primary/ secondary source documents as background for the state ratification convention: |
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|Federalists and Anti-Federalists – U.S. Constitution Online |
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|Map of Federalists and Anti-Federalists Voting |
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|The History of New York State by Dr. James Sullivan chapter “Federal Constitution Ratified” |
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|Step #3: |
|You will research your particular issue. For each issue, there is a list of a few documents to focus on. Regardless of which position you are |
|assigned, be sure to examine the arguments of both sides. You need to anticipate the opposing arguments and be able to respond to them! |
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|The following two websites will probably be the bulk of your search. There are 85 Federalist Papers and they are titled on this index to make for |
|easier browsing. The writings of the Anti-Federalists were not so well organized, however, the site below has collected 85 Anti-Federalist Papers |
|that have been indexed so that their number corresponds to a Federalist Paper with the same number on roughly the same topic. For each issue, a few |
|documents have been selected to begin your search. |
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|General sources: |
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|The Federalist Papers |
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|The Anti-Federalist Papers |
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|Another collection of Anti-Federalist Papers |
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|Selected arguments of the Anti-Federalist (1780s) |
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|Constitution Day Educators Resources |
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|A great chronology of the Federalist and Anti-Federalist Papers and how they reacted to each other |
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|Elliott’s Debates – Collection from American Memory from Library of Congress. This is a collection of the state ratification conventions along with |
|other documents. Remember you can use evidence from other state ratification conventions, not just New York. |
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|The actual New York State Ratification Convention is here – beware it’s 115 pages |
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|Founding Documents - a great site with many important document links. |
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|An Overview of the Constitutional Convention |
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|Issue 1: Separation of powers/checks and balances. |
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|Federalist #51 |
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|Federalist #10 |
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|Federalist #47 |
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|Federalist #48 |
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|Anti-Federalist #47 - Centinel |
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|Anti-Federalist #51 |
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|Anti-Federalist #73 |
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|Anti-Federalist #48 |
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|Issue 2: The Elastic Clause. |
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|Federalist #84 |
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|Federalist #23 |
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|Federalist #41 |
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|Federalist #45 |
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|Anti-Federalist - Brutus #1 |
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|Anti-Federalist #46 |
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|Anti-Federalist #32 |
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|Anti-Federalist #33 |
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|Issue 3: Congressional Powers of Taxation and War. |
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|Speech of James Wilson - October 6, 1787 |
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|Federalist #23 |
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|Federalist #35 |
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|John Jay address to the people of the state of New York, Spring 1788 |
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|Federalist Papers 12, 30-36, 24-29 |
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|Anti-Federalist Papers - Pennsylvania Minority |
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|Anti-Federalist Papers - Brutus #10 |
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|Anti-Federalist Papers - Brutus #6 |
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|Anti-Federalist #12 |
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|Anti-Federalist #30-31 |
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|Anti-Federalist #12, 30-36, 8, 24-29 |
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|Issue 4: A Bill of Rights. |
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|Anti-Federalist #84 |
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|George Mason & the Bill of Rights |
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|George Mason - "Objections to This Constitution of Government" |
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|Speech by Patrick Henry (June 16, 1788) on Virginia's Ratification of the Constitution |
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|Speech by Luther Martin (March 21, 1788) to the citizens of Maryland - 1 |
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|Speech by Luther Martin (March 21, 1788) to the citizens of Maryland - 2 |
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|Mercy Otis Warren's observations on the new constitution |
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|Letter from Madison to Jefferson (October 17, 1788) |
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|Federalist #84 |
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|Speech of James Wilson - October 6, 1787 |
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|Federalist #51 |
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|Debates of the Bill of Rights in the House of Representatives |
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|Step #4: |
|Prepare your arguments for the ratification convention by completing both sides of the “Debate Organizer” sheet. On the back, be sure to anticipate |
|the arguments of your opponents. You will bring this “Debate Organizer” to the ratification convention and use it during the debate. If you do not |
|bring a completed “Debate Organizer” to class, you will not be allowed to participate in the debate. |
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|Step #5: |
|On the day of the convention, the classroom will be set up in two circles, an inner circle and an outer circle. If you are in the inner circle, you |
|will be actively participating in the debate. If you are in the outer circle, you are observing the debate and taking notes on the “Convention Note |
|Sheet”. Halfway through the period, the two circles will switch. Both the “Debate Organizer” and “Convention Note Sheet” will be turned in to be |
|graded. |
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|Step #6: |
|When all of the issues have been discussed, the full convention (entire class) will vote on whether to ratify the Constitution or not. Although you |
|have been assigned a role as a Federalist or Anti-Federalist, you may allow yourself to be swayed by the other side’s arguments. |
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|Step #7: |
|For homework that night, you will write a 2 ½ page typed “Letter to the Editor” defending your vote in the ratification convention. In your letter, |
|use specific evidence to discuss three of the four issues: separation of powers/ checks and balances; the elastic clause, congressional powers of |
|taxation and war, and a bill of rights. |
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|Step #8: |
|You will turn in your: |
|“Debate Organizer” |
|“Convention Note Sheet” |
|“Letter to the Editor” |
|“Evaluation Sheet" |
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