THE ADDITION/RENOVATION OF THE GERALD R. FORD PRESIDENTIAL ...

[Pages:162]THE ADDITION/RENOVATION OF THE GERALD R. FORD PRESIDENTIAL MUSEUM

A STUDY ON GROUND-COUPLED HEAT PUMPS

The Pennsylvania State University Department of Architectural Engineering

BRENDAN J. CULLEN 5th ? YEAR THESIS PROJECT

MECHANICAL OPTION

Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum

Grand Rapids, Michigan

Acknowledgments

I would like to express my sincere appreciation to the entire faculty in Department of Architectural Engineering at The Pennsylvania State University. Their constructive guidance, intelligent supervision, and dedication to helping students achieve their goals have been an inspiration throughout my five year experience in the Architectural Engineering program.

I would also like to thank the Fifth-Year AE Class of 2002-2003 for their backing and patience in assisting my thesis project. It could not have been completed without their support and advice throughout the long hours of research and design.

A special thanks also goes to Nicholas J. Nucci and David R. Burns of Leach Wallace Associates, Inc. for their willingness to gather information and for providing their valuable expertise during periods of question.

Finally, I would like to thank my family and those close to me who have given me encouragement and support throughout the entire process. Thank you and I will forever appreciate your patience and reassurance.

Front Cover Photo Courtesy of

Brendan J. Cullen

Spring 2003

AE ? Senior Thesis

Mechanical Option

Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum

Grand Rapids, Michigan

Table of Contents

Section

Page

List of Figures.............................................................................................i List of Tables............................................................................................... iii Project Abstract......................................................................................... iv Executive Summary.................................................................................... v

I. Project Overview

1.1 Addition/Renovation of the Gerald R. Ford Museum..................... 1 1.2 Building Description.................................................................. 2 1.3 Building Engineering Details................................................................3

1.3.1 Electrical.............................................................................. 3 1.3.2 Structural............................................................................ 5 1.3.3 Fire Protection..................................................................... 6 1.3.4 Telecommunications............................................................ 6 1.3.5 Transportation Systems....................................................... 6 1.3.6 Utilities............................................................................... 7

II. Existing Mechanical Conditions

2.1 Museum Design Criteria............................................................ 8 2.1.1 Design Standards................................................................ 8 2.1.2 Indoor and Outdoor Design Parameters................................. 9 2.1.3 Building Site Factors............................................................. 10

2.2 Heating and Cooling Loads....................................................... 10 2.3 Additional Design Considerations............................................... 13 2.4 Equipment...............................................................................13

2.4.1 Air Systems.........................................................................13 2.4.2 Hydronic Systems................................................................ 15

III. Proposed Redesign

3.1 Redesign Objectives................................................................. 17 3.2 Preliminary Proposal Ideas........................................................ 17 3.3 Ground-Coupled Heat Pump System........................................... 18

3.3.1 System Types..................................................................... 19 3.3.2 Feasibility Issues.................................................................. 20 3.3.3 System Advantages and Disadvantages.................................21 3.4 Scope of Redesign.................................................................... 22 3.5 Existing Systems To Be Replaced.............................................. 23

Brendan J. Cullen

Spring 2003

AE ? Senior Thesis

Mechanical Option

Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum

Grand Rapids, Michigan

IV. Equipment

4.6 Heat Pumps and Internal Distribution.......................................... 24 4.6.1 Building Zone Loads............................................................ 24 4.6.2 Heat Pump Selection............................................................25

4.7 100% Geothermal System Equipment......................................... 27 4.8 Hybrid System Equipment......................................................... 27

V. Ground-Loop Design

5.1 Objectives............................................................................... 30 5.2 Design Methods....................................................................... 30

5.2.1 Soil Conditions.................................................................... 31 5.2.2 Preliminary Investigations..................................................... 32 5.3 Ground-Loop Configuration........................................................ 33 5.3.1 100% Geothermal System Configuration................................. 33 5.3.2 Hybrid System Configuration................................................ 35

VI. Ground-Loop Construction

6.1 Objectives................................................................................ 38 6.2 Materials................................................................................. 38 6.3 Equipment............................................................................... 40 6.4 Optimization Study................................................................... 41

6.4.1 Assumptions....................................................................... 41 6.4.2 100% Geothermal System Optimization................................... 42 6.4.3 Hybrid System Optimization.................................................. 44 6.4.4 System Comparison.............................................................46 6.5 Construction Sequence............................................................. 47

VII.

Cost Analysis

7.1 Capital Costs........................................................................... 52 7.2 Annual Energy Consumption..................................................... 53 7.3 Operation and Maintenance Costs..............................................54 7.4 System Comparison................................................................. 55

VIII.

Acoustical Analysis

8.1 Critical Supply Air Path #1 ? Curator 120..................................... 59 8.2 Critical Supply Air Path #2 ? Collection Storage 111..................... 61 8.3 Critical Supply Air Path #3 ? Temporary Exhibit 219..................... 63 8.4 Critical Supply Air Path #4 ? Permanent Exhibit 207..................... 65 8.5 Critical Return Air Paths............................................................ 66

8.5.1 AHU-1 Return Critical Path.................................................... 67

Brendan J. Cullen

Spring 2003

AE ? Senior Thesis

Mechanical Option

Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum

Grand Rapids, Michigan

8.5.2 AHU-2 & 3 Return Critical Path.............................................. 68 8.5.3 AHU-5 Return Critical Path #1................................................70 8.5.4 AHU-5 Return Critical Path #2................................................ 71

IX.

Structural Analysis

9.1 Existing Conditions.................................................................. 73 9.2 Structural Calculations............................................................. 73 9.3 Solutions................................................................................. 74 9.4 Line of Site Analysis................................................................. 75

X.

Conclusions and Recommendations

10.1 Existing Mechanical Conditions.................................................. 76 10.2 Mechanical System Redesign.................................................... 77 10.3 Construction Issues.................................................................. 79 10.4 Acoustical Issues..................................................................... 79 10.5 Structural Issues..................................................................... 80

Works Consulted

Appendices

Appendix A ? Floor Plans Appendix B ? Heat Pump Scheduling Appendix C ? EES Formatted Equations and Results ? Ground-Loop Sizing Appendix D ? Cooling Tower Details Appendix E ? EES Formatted Equations and Results ? Ground-Loop

Construction Details Appendix F ? Building Life-Cycle Cost Output Appendix G ? Annual Energy Consumption Appendix H ? Acoustical Calculations

Brendan J. Cullen

Spring 2003

AE ? Senior Thesis

Mechanical Option

Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum

Grand Rapids, Michigan

Figure

List of Figures

Page

1.1 Building Load Distribution...................................................................... 3 3.1 Anatomy of a Heat Pump.......................................................................19 3.2 Grand Rapids Area Map......................................................................... 21 4.1 Mechanical Room Schematic ? 100% Geothermal System............................. 28 4.2 Mechanical Room Schematic ? Hybrid System........................................... 29 5.1 Ground -Loop Site Plan ? 100% Geothermal System................................... 34 5.2 Ground -Loop Site Plan ? Hybrid System...................................................37 6.1 Water Distribution System..................................................................... 39 6.2 Typical Piping Layout........................................................................... 39 6.3 Ground -Loop Construction Cost vs. Number of

Boreholes ? 100% Geothermal System................................................... 43 6.4 Ground -Loop Construction Cost vs. Length per

Borehole ? 100% Geothermal System..................................................... 44 6.5 Ground -Loop Construction Cost vs. Number of

Boreholes ? Hybrid System................................................................... 45 6.6 Ground -Loop Construction Cost vs. Length per

Borehole ? Hybrid System..................................................................... 45 6.7 3-D Optimal Construction Cost Comparison ? 100%

Geothermal System............................................................................. 46 6.8 3-D Optimal Construction Cost Comparison ? Hybrid System....................... 47 6.9 Bar Chart Phasing Schedule.................................................................. 48 6.10 Bar Chart Phasing Schedule For 100% Geothermal System......................... 50 6.11 Bar Chart Phasing Schedule For Hybrid System........................................ 51 8.1 Supply Air Sound Pressure Levels in Critical Path for AHU- 1.......................60 8.2 Supply Air Sound Pressure Levels in Critical Path for AHU- 2 & 3................. 62 8.3 Supply Air Sound Pressure Levels in Critical Path #1 for AHU- 5................... 64 8.4 Supply Air Sound Pressure Levels in Critical Path #2 for AHU- 5................... 65 8.5 Return Air Sound Pressure Levels in Critical Path For AHU- 1...................... 68 8.6 Return Air Sound Pressure Levels in Critical Path For AHU- 2 & 3................. 69

Brendan J. Cullen

Spring 2003

AE ? Senior Thesis

i

Mechanical Option

Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum

Grand Rapids, Michigan

8.7 Return Air Sound Pressure Levels in Critical Path #1 For AHU- 5..................70 8.8 Return Air Sound Pressure Levels in Critical Path #2 For AHU- 5..................72 9.1 Structural Shear Analysis..................................................................... 73 9.2 Structural Bending Analysis................................................................... 74 9.3 Line of Site Representation................................................................... 75

Brendan J. Cullen

Spring 2003

AE ? Senior Thesis

ii

Mechanical Option

Gerald R. Ford Presidential Museum

Grand Rapids, Michigan

Table

List of Tables

Page

3.3 Building Area Distribution...................................................................... 3 4.1 AHU-1 Design Loads............................................................................. 24 4.2 AHU-2 & 3 Design Loads.......................................................................25 4.3 AHU-5 Design Loads........................................................................... 25 4.4 List of Heat Pumps................................................................................ 26 5.1 Ground -Loop Characteristics ? 100% Geothermal System........................... 33 5.2 Ground -Loop Characteristics ? Hybrid System........................................... 35 7.1 Mechanical System Cost Comparison....................................................... 53 7.2 Annual Energy Consumption ? 100% Geothermal System........................... 54 7.3 Annual Energy Consumption ? Hybrid System...........................................54 7.4 Annual Energy Consumption ? Existing Mechanical System........................ 54 7.5 System Operating Costs Comparison....................................................... 57 7.6 System Life-Cycle Cost Comparison........................................................ 58 7.7 Life-Cycle Emissions Reduc tion in Comparison to Existing

Mechanical Equipment.......................................................................... 58 8.1 RC-II Rating Criteria ? Curator Room 120................................................ 61 8.2 RC-II Rating Criteria ? Collection Storage 111.......................................... 62 8.3 RC-II Rating Criteria ? Temporary Exhibit 219........................................... 64 8.4 RC-II Rating Criteria ? Permanent Exhibit 207.......................................... 66 8.5 RC-II Rating Criteria ? AHU- 1 Return Critical Path..................................... 67 8.6 RC-II Rating Criteria ? AHU- 2 & 3 Return Critical Path............................... 69 8.7 RC-II Rating Criteria ? AHU- 5 Return Critical Path #1................................ 71 8.8 RC-II Rating Criteria ? AHU- 5 Return Critical Path #2................................ 72

Brendan J. Cullen

Spring 2003

AE ? Senior Thesis

iii

Mechanical Option

 ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download