US History RIO Unit 4: Industrialization



US History RIO Unit 4: Industrialization

Study Guide

Native Americans

1. What things contributed to the decline of the Native American culture?

2. What was the main purpose of the Dawes Act?

3. What did Helen Hunt Jackson advocate in her book, A Century of Dishonor?

4. What happened at the Battle of Wounded Knee?

Life on the Frontier

5. What contributed to the population growth in the western part of the country?

6. What obstacles did people face when trying to move west?

7. How did the government support the growth of railroads in the western part of the country?

8. What was the purpose of the Homestead Act?

9. How did frontier life affect attitudes about social class? Women’s rights?

10. What caused farm prices to drop significantly in the last part of the 19th century?

11. What invention made it possible for ranchers to contain their herds?

Urban Industry

12. What is Social Darwinism and how did big business owners use it to justify their actions?

13. What is the Gospel of Wealth?

14. Why did some people refer to men like Rockefeller, Carnegie, and Morgan as “robber barons?”

15. What are trusts and why did business leaders form them?

16. What is the difference between horizontal and vertical integration?

17. How did political machines such as Tammany Hall control city politics?

|Business Leader |Industry |Business Practices |Charitable Work |

| | | | |

|Andrew Carnegie | | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

|John D. Rockefeller | | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

|Cornelius Vanderbilt | | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

|JP Morgan | | | |

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| | | | |

Immigration

18. Where did the majority of immigrants come from in the last part of the 19th century?

19. What is the theory of America as a “melting pot?” Was this an accurate representation of the time period? Why or why not?

20. What was life like for most immigrants who came to the United States around the turn of the century?

21. What was the theme of Horatio Alger’s novels and how did influence immigrants coming to America?

22. What was the counterpart to Ellis Island from immigrants coming to the west coast?

Government Involvement

23. Who most benefitted from policies adopted by the federal government in the last part of the 19th century?

24. What policies were enacted by the federal government to show its support of big business?

25. What is the theory behind laissez-faire capitalism?

26. What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act?

Unions and Strikes

27. How were the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor similar?

28. After being the leader of the American Railway Union, what political party did Eugene V. Debs form?

29. Why were labor unions formed?

30. What obstacles did labor unions face in gaining support?

31. How did the government react to the formation of labor unions?

32. What are yellow dog contracts?

33. What goal did Samuel Gompers, Terence Powderly, and Eugene V. Debs have in common?

|Strike |Cause |Description |Effect |

| | | | |

|The Great Strike of | | | |

|1877 (The Railroad | | | |

|Strikes) | | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

|Haymarket Affair of | | | |

|1866 | | | |

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|Homestead Strike, 1892| | | |

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|Pullman Strike, 1894 | | | |

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