Name: ___________________________________ Date



Name: ___________________________________ Date: ___________________________ Period: ______

Interactive Textbook Activity – Physical Science

Chapters 2 : Matter

Directions: Access your HRW account on the Holt McDougal website ( ) and log in with your personal username and password). Click “Go to the online textbook.” Using the drop-down menu on the top of the page select Chapter 2: Matter, then click “Go.” Click on the visual concepts tab at the top. Watch each of the Visual Concepts multimedia presentations and answer the following questions.

Section 1 What is Matter

Matter

1. Matter is anything that has ____________ and takes up _____________.

2. Everything is made of _____________________.

3. Matter is defines as something that has _______________ and ____________.

4. What is the color of the can of soda - _____________ and the ball on the scale - _____________

Element

1. An element is a _______ substance made of only _________ kind of atom. Carbon, found in ________________, is an example of an element.

2. All elements are organized by there __________________ on the ______________ table.

3. Each element is categorized by a 1,2 or 3 _______________ symbol.

Atom

1. An atom is the smallest__________ of an element that maintains the _____________ of that element.

2. xxxxxxxx

Compound

1. A compound is a substance that is made of _________ of ______ or ___________

different elements joined by ___________________ bonds. 

2. What is the chemical formula for aspirin: ____________________________

3. _______________ hold the elements in chemical compounds together.

4. Hydrogen and oxygen when not combined are normally ________ at room

temperature, and carbon a ____________ like what is in your ______________

Molecule

1. A molecule is a ____________ group of atoms held together by ___________ bonds.

2. Water, oxygen, and __________, or table ___________, are examples of molecules.

3. What is the chemical formula for sucrose: ______________________________

Chemical formula

1. A chemical formula is a way to show the relative ____________ of __________ of each kind in a chemical __________ by using atomic symbols and numerical ____________.

2. A pure substance contains a constant ______________ of elements.

3. Table salt or ________________ ______________

Comparing miscible and immiscible liquids

1. Miscible liquids are _____________ and ______________ that are able to dissolve freely in one another in any _______________________.

2. Immiscible liquids are solutes and solvents that are ____ ____________ in each other. 

3. Name the two liquids that are immiscible: _________________ __________________

4. Name two liquids that are miscible: ________________ __________________

Section 2 Properties of Matter

Comparing physical and chemical properties

1. Physical property is a characteristic of a substance that _______ ______ involve a ________________ change, such as density, ______________, or hardness.

2. Chemical property is a property of matter that describes a substance's ability to __________________ in chemical reactions. 

3. Name the physical property of nail : ______________________________.

4. What is a chemical property of the nail: ___________________________.

5. The red color of the liquid is a __________________ property and the reaction of ____________________ that changes the liquids color is a chemical property.

Reactivity

1. Reactivity is the _______________ of a substance to _____________ chemically with another substance.

2. XXXXXXXX

Melting point

1. The melting point is the _______________ and _______________ at which a solid becomes a liquid.

2. XXXXXX

Boiling point

1. The boiling point is the temperature at which the equilibrium ________ ______________ of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure and a _______________ becomes a __________. 

2. What is the normal boiling point of water? ________________.

3. Water can boil at a lower temperature is the air ___________________ is lower or decreased.

Equation for Density

1. What is the equation for density: ______________________________

2. This equation describes the relationship between the __________ of a substance, the _________________ of the substance, and its density.

3. The units for density is gm/cm³ or __________________________.

Comparing physical and chemical changes

1. A physical change is a change of matter from one _________ to another __________ a change in chemical properties.

2. A chemical change is a change that occurs when one or more substances change into ___________ __________ substances with _________________ properties.

3. Breaking a piece of _______________ in two is a physical change.

4. An example of a chemical change is baking a ________________.

5. All the ingredients and the _________ from the oven create a chemical change.

Section 3 Changes in Matter

Solid, liquid, gas

1. A solid has definite _____________ and definite ________________. 

2. A liquid has a definite _____________ but ________ a definite shape

3. A _______ does ______ have a definite volume or _____________.

4. The molecules of a solid _______________ in a fixed position.

5. In a liquid the molecules are free to ____________ pass one another.

6. Gas particle move ___________________ from one and other.

Comparing crystalline and amorphous solids

1. Crystalline solid is a highly _____________ arrangement of molecules or __________ in a solid.

2. Amorphous solid is a solid in which the molecules or atoms are _______________ arranged, but immobile. Amorphous solids include ______________ and glass. 

3. What is the crystalline solid shown: ___________________ and the amorphous solid shown: ______________________. (shown in this section)

Liquid

1. Liquid is the state of _______________ in which the substance has a definite ____________ but an indefinite shape. 

2. XXXXXX

Surface Tension

1. Surface tension is the force of _______________ between the molecules of a l___________ that are below the surface, which creates an ____________ pull that tends to ____________ the liquid from flowing. 

2. Molecules tend to favor the lowest __________________ state.

3. Because of surface tension ________________ form.

4. What substance can disrupt surface tension? ____________________.

Viscosity

1. Viscosity is a fluid's resistance to _________. Fluids that have _________ viscosity flow ______________. Fluids that have ______ viscosity flow__________________. 

2. _______________ has high viscosity. Water has a ________________ viscosity

Gas

1. A gas is a form of matter that ______ ______ have a definite __________ or ___________.

2. XXXXXXX

Pressure

1. Pressure is the amount of ___________ exerted per unit ____________ of a surface.

The gas inside a bicycle tire exerts pressure against the __________ of the tire, keeping the tire _________________. 

2. XXXXXXX

Relating temperature and pressure

1. Given a constant _______________ of a gas, an _____________ in temperature will result in an ___________________ in pressure. 

2. If you heat a balloon to much the _______________ from motion of the inside ___________ and molecules can make the balloon __________________.

Boyles law

1. Boyle's law states that the volume of a ___________ mass of ________ varies inversely with _______________ at constant temperature. As the volume ________________, the pressure _______________ . As the volume decreases, the pressure_________________. 

2. xxxxx

Charles Law

1. Charles's law states that the volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure _________ directly with the ___________ temperature. As the temperature ______________, the volume ___________________. As the temperature increases, the _______________ increases. 

2. XXX

Plazma

1. Plasma is the state of matter that does not have a definite shape or ____________ and whose particles have _____________________ apart.

2. Here are some things to remember:

• Plasmas conduct _________________ current.

• Plasmas are affected by electric and ________________ fields.

• In the _______________ state at high temperatures, alkali _____________ become plasmas.

• Scientists estimate that more than _______ percent of the known matter in the ___________, including the sun and other _____________, is made of plasma.

3. Name two examples of plasma (other than sun &stars) __________________________ and _____________________________________.

Energy

1. Energy is the ability to _____________ or ________________ matter.

Energy exists in many ____________ —including light, heat, ______________ energy, mechanical energy, and electrical energy—and it can be _________________ from one form to another

2. The click beetle gives off bio-luminous energy or ____________________ energy.

3. Heat energy causes ________ to melt and water to _________________________.

4. The swing of a hammer is _________________________ energy.

5. _______________ cells use electrical energy to send signals to parts of your body.

6. Stored energy is called _________________ energy, energy in motion is called ___________ energy.

Heat

1. Heat is the energy transferred between _____________ because of a difference in there ___________________ . Heat has units of energy

2. Heat transfers from a _____________ energy object to a ___________ energy object.

Temperature and Heat

1. Temperature is a measure of the average _____________ energy of the ______________—atoms and molecules—in an object. Energy is always transferred from _______________-temperature objects to ___________-temperature objects until both objects are at the same ____________________. 

2. What are the two objects shown in this section? __________________________ and ___________________________________.

Melting

1. Melting is the change of_____________ in which a __________ becomes a ___________by adding heat or decreasing ______________ . During melting, the temperature does not change.

2. XXXX

Melting point

1. The melting point is the _________________ and pressure at which a _________ becomes a _________________. 

2. XXX

Freezing

1. Freezing is the change of state in which a ____________ becomes a ___________ as heat is removed.

2. When the molecules get ___________ enough together do not have enough energy to _______________ free and the substance freezes.

Freezing point

1. The freezing point is the temperature at which a _______ and ___________ are in ____________________ at 1 atm (101.3 kPa) pressure. 

2. The normal freezing point of water is at a temperature of __________________.

3. Water can freeze faster if the __________________ is increased.

Vaporization & Condensation

1. Vaporization is the change of state from a __________ to a __________ , or vapor.

Condensation is the change of state in which a _________ or vapor becomes a __________.

2. Since vaporization and condensation are ______________ changes and not _____________ changes, the _________________ of the substance remains the _____________. 

3. A liquid must absorb _______________ for vaporization to occur.

4. Can evaporation occur below a substance boiling point? _____________

5. Condensation can be seen when water ____________ form on a cold glass of ____________.

Boiling point

1. The boiling point is the __________________ at which the ______________ vapor pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure and a liquid becomes a gas. 

2. The normal boiling point of water is _________________.

Atmospheric pressure

1. The ________________ of the air in the upper portion of Earth's atmosphere exerts pressure on the ___________ of air below. This pressure is called atmospheric pressure. 

2. The instrument used to measure are pressure is a _________________ barometer.

3. At ___________ level atmospheric pressure is 760 mm of mercury.

4. In Denver Co. is the atmospheric pressure high or lower than sea level? ________________.

Comparing sublimations and deposition

| | | | |

|1. Sublimation is the process in which a _____________ changes directly into a ___________. | | | |

| | | | |

|2. Deposition is the _____________ in which a gas changes directly into a _____________. | | | |

| | | | |

|3. ___________ ice used in rock shows sublimes, this substance is is solid _____________ ____________________ or CO2 | | | |

Go under activities and quizzes section

Concept Map Properties of Matter Now, complete the Concept Map and recreate it here:

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In the form of

Undergoes

Changes with conservation of

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