PDF Distribution: general Original: English - UNESCO

Distribution: general

Original : English

Review of the Present Situation in Special Needs Education

ED-95/WS-7

UNESCO 1995

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The work presented here has been carried out by Dr. Seamus Hegarty, Director of the National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER) U. K. Dr. Hegarty also prepared the 1988 edition of the Review. His help and advice have been extremely important to UNESCO's endeavours in this domain.

The designations employed and the presentation of the material throughout the publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitations of its frontiers or boundaries.

PREFACE

In 1988 UNESCO published the Review of the Present Situation of Special Education, presenting information gathered in 1986-1987, covering issues related to policies, legislation, administration and organisation, teacher education, financing and provision for special needs education. The Review was widely disseminated and served as a reference to a number of studies, seminars and other national activities.

In view of the incessant demand for information of this nature, reflecting on trends and developments in this domain, UNESCO carried out an up-date of the review in 19931994. Ninety Member States were initially contacted to contribute to this exercise, sixty-three* of which responded. Replies were received from countries representing the different world regions as follows: thirteen from Africa, seven from Arab States, twenty-one from the Europe Region, thirteen from Latin America and the Caribbean, and nine from Asia and the Pacific.

The information was collected by means of a questionnaire (Annex I) completed by the division or unit in the Ministry responsible for special education. Notwithstanding the constraints imposed by this method of compiling information, the Review represents a unique distillation of information on practice worldwide, and will be of assistance to policy-makers, administrators and educational specialists. The Review is to be seen as part of UNESCO's contribution to the monitoring of the Standard Rules of Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities with respect to education.

Part I provides a summary and analysis of the information received and highlights present trends. On a number of issues comparison is made between the two situations as reported in 1986 and 1993. While this part informs on developments, it also provides indications for future planning.

Part II consists of the summary of all the country replies presented in a uniform plan corresponding as closely as possible with that of Part I.

Readers interested in legislation issues can refer to the document Legislation Pertaining to Special Needs Education, UNESCO, 1995.

_______________ N.B. Part I of the Review is available in Arabic, French and Spanish. * While sixty-three Member States replied, in the case of Australia and Canada, two separate

states/provinces, with distinct education systems, responded. This explains the total of sixty-five in some of the tables.

Contents

PART I - SUMMARY

Special education policy Legislation Administration and organisation Special education provision Parents Teacher training Finance Research and development

PART II - COUNTRY SUMMARIES

9

ALGERIA

33

10

AUSTRALIA

35

13

AUSTRIA

43

15

BAHRAIN

46

22

BARBADOS

49

23

BOLIVIA

52

25

BOTSWANA

54

27

BRAZIL

57

BULGARIA

60

CAMEROON

63

CANADA

66

CHILE

72

CHINA

75

COSTA RICA

78

COTE D'IVOIRE

81

CROATIA

83

CYPRUS

86

CZECH REPUBLIC

90

DENMARK

92

ECUADOR

95

EGYPT

98

EL SALVADOR

101

 ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download