City Schools



Unit 5- Rome, Total class time for this unit- 8/9 DaysObjectives: Understand the impact of geography on the city of Rome and the Roman Empire.Characterize the government and religion of the Roman Republic.Describe the significance of the Punic Wars and the development of the Roman Empire.Assess the military, social, political, and cultural factors that led to the downfall of the Roman Republic.Explain the economic, social, and political impact of Pax Romana and Rome’s significance to Western Civilization.Describe the origin, beliefs and spread of Christianity.Cite the reasons for the decline and fall of the Western Roman Empire.Skills objective: Students will conduct research in the computer lab to create a presentation to the class. Students will also use note-taking, summarizing, and reading skills to understand complex chains of cause and effect.History vocab:legacyimpactrepresentativeelectionengineerDiasporaKeys to a good speech/presentation:How to make a good speech/argument:Eye contact: make eye contact with your audience, not just one person, but all of them.Voice/delivery: volume, rate, few verbal pausesOrganization: Intro, Body, Conclusion (1) tell them what you’re going to tell them, 2) tell them, 3) tell them again)Support/evidenceCommitment/enthusiasmItalian Peninsula Map & Roman Republic Chart (maps on pg 153 and 159)ItalySicilyAfricaGaulTiber RiverAlps MountainsRomeCarthageMediterranean SeaAdriatic SeaUse your book to answer the following questions and complete the chart (155-157)Rome was founded on seven hills. Why might this be a useful place to build a city?How might Rome’s proximity (means closeness) to Greek colonies in Italy and Sicily have affected Rome?Who was King Tarquin the Proud?In 509, Rome declared a republic. What is a republic?Definition (what/who are they?, what do they do?):Draw a picture:The two groups of Roman citizens are:Patricians:Plebeians:The Plebeians elected tribunes. What was the purpose of the tribunes?What was the forum?What was the senate?What were the Twelve Tables?Who were consuls?What was a dictator in ancient Rome? (Hint: it’s different from a dictator today)Which term describes the true statements?Which description does not fit? Cross it prised of 300 patriciansThe main legislative body of the Roman Republic; controlled foreign policy.Created to guarantee/protect the rights of plebeiansTwo were elected to serve one year terms.Legislative body of Roman Republic. “Lower House” similar to House of Representatives.Created to guarantee/protect the rights of plebeiansThe political and economic center of RomeThe twelve tables were hung publicly here.Rome’s first written code of laws.Romans established this government after driving the Tarquinii kings from power.Form of government in which only a few, wealthy, land-owning citizens hold ernment in which people elect representatives who govern.In Rome, a leader who had total power during a time of crisis. Chosen by the consuls and senate.The chief executive of the Roman government, similar to the US President; in Rome, there were two.Was expected to give up power after six pare the government of Rome with modern US government:RomeBothUnited StatesPut in your own words.Roman mythology Use the internet or resources in class (front table, pg 164 textbook) to complete the chart below and answer the questions:Roman NameRole in mythology (what is he/she in charge of)Greek name JupiterJunoApolloDianaMinervaVenusMarsHow is Roman mythology similar to Greek mythology? What is the relationship of Roman mythology to the state (government)?Mythology Reading 1: AeneidWho wrote the myth of Aeneas and what is the poem called?What is an epic?Why do you think the Romans would claim to be related to Aeneas?What was Romulus’ and Remus’ association to Aeneas?Mythology Reading 2: Romulus and RemusWhat does the myth of Romulus and Remus tell us about Roman culture and mythology? (What do the Romans value?)What was the real reason Rome was founded where it was?Why did the settlements on each of the seven hills band together?Slavery in RomeRead about slavery in Rome (pg 164)Write a one page 1st Person account of being a slave in Rome. (You pretend to be a Roman slave and write about your experiences.)ORCreate a cartoon strip with at least 10 scenes depicting the capture, slavery, work, and life of a Roman slave.You may use the blank page on the other side.What it must include:What is a slaveWhere did the Romans get slaves (map on page 163)Some common jobs for slavesWhat is a gladiator (also described on page 165)The Punic Wars(p. 156-159)What is a legion?What was the cause of the Punic Wars?On the back of this page, create a timeline with the following. Your timeline must include an explanation and image for each event.Rome conquers the Italian Peninsula1st Punic War2nd Punic War (Hannibal crosses Alps)Battle of CannaeBattle of Zama3rd Punic WarsRome’s dominance in the Western MediterraneanRome’s dominance in the Eastern MediterraneanRoman Empire following the Punic Wars (146 BC) MapGreeceMediterranean SeaAegean SeaBlack SeaAsia Minor/AnatoliaSpainEgyptGaulGreat Britain (England)RomeConstantinopleCarthageDanube RiverRhine RiverSahara DesertIsrael/Judea/JudahAlps MountainsTiber RiverOutline in color and label the extent of the Roman Empire after the Punic Wars (146 BC)Tiberius Gracchus Movie and the rise of Julius CaesarWhy did Tiberius think Rome didn’t deserve to be called “capital of the ancient world?”What “good thing” did the war with Carthage do?What threatened the foundation of the republic?What does Tiberius’ mother warn him about?What are Octavius and other patricians doing to poor farmers?Where was the lady with the cart (and thousands of other poor farmers) going?Who replaced the poor to work on the farms?What does Tiberius decide to do to stand up and fight for the people (plebeians)?What is his plan to help the poor?How did Octavius stop the vote on land reform?What did Tiberius do to shut down the city?How did he “use the mob?”Draw conclusions:What motivated patricians to seize farms?Three main causes for the fall of the Roman Republic: (p 160-161)Economic turmoil:What are slaves?Gap between rich and poor: what is it like in Rome?What was happening to small farmers?Urbanization: when people move from the countryside to the cities.How did urbanization affect Rome? Inflation (skip until the end- Mr. Pope will discuss)What is a civil war?Military upheavalHow did generals gain power?What did they do for soldiers?Julius CaesarWhat was the (First) Triumvirate and who was in it?Why did Caesar become very popular?What did he do after crossing the Rubicon River?What happened between Pompey and Caesar? Who supported Caesar and why?Who did not support him and what did they do to him?What conditions or events made the rise of Tiberius and the rise of Caesar likely?From Republic to Empire (p 161-162)The Pax Romana (pg 162-165)1803404187825How did Roman roadsinfluence/reinforce Pax Romana?00How did Roman roadsinfluence/reinforce Pax Romana?48694314289927Political Impacts00Political Impacts421362377470Social Impacts00Social Impacts946297116958Economic Impacts00Economic ImpactsRoman Empire at its height mapGreeceMediterranean SeaAegean SeaBlack SeaAsia Minor/AnatoliaSpainEgyptGaulGreat Britait n (England)RomeConstantinopleCarthageDanube RiverRhine RiverSahara DesertIsrael/Judea/JudahAlps MountainsTiber RiverOutline in color and label the extent of the Roman Empire at its height (217 AD)Christianity (168-172)Christianity vocabDefine the word:Draw a picture:MessiahCrucifixionDiasporaApostleMartyrPersecutionThe life of Jesus of Nazareth:Make a chronology showing the important events leading up to and during Jesus’ life. Where you have them, include dates. Use the space at the top of the next page. Minimally you must include:Romans make Judea a province of the Roman EmpireJesus born in BethlehemJesus’ public ministry (what stuff does he do as a religious figure? Hint: “It’s a miracle”)Jesus’ crucifixionJesus’ resurrectionImportant Christian beliefs (pg 168; last full para; bottom pg 170):1.2.3.4.5.6. Trinity:Christianity Spreads (pg 168-172) Jewish rebellion and Diaspora (pg 170)Make a timeline in the space at the top of the next page showing the following events of the Jewish Rebellion and Diaspora:Romans conquer Judea/Israel 1st Jewish rebellionRomans storm JerusalemMasadaInclude effects on JewsSecond Jewish rebellion and Diaspora Compare Christianity and JudaismChristianity grew out of Judaism. The first five books of the Bible are from the Jew’s Torah. This makes the Old Testament. The New Testament are the newer beliefs that come after Jesus.ChristianityBothJudaismHoly Book (s)Beliefs (how do they view God, who is the “founder,” what do they believe?)How it spread outside of Palestine/Holy LandPersecution for beliefsDecline and fall of the Roman EmpireFrom the movie, provide examples of the following reasons for the decline of the Roman Empire:Geography:Economy:Military:(Mercenary:__________________________________________________________________ )Moral decay:Political problems/poor leadership:Invasion:Part 2: The Last Days of the Empire (pg 173-176)In 284 AD, the emperor ____________________ divided the empire into the ________________ Roman Empire and _________________ Roman Empire. The capital of the _________________ Roman Empire remained at Rome.After reconquering the western empire, the Emperor _______________________ moved the capital city to _________________________. This was a smart move because the city is much easier to defend than Rome.Invasions by Germanic tribes continued throughout the 300’s and 400’s AD. The greatest single threat to the empire came between 444-453 AD when a group from Central Asia called the __________ and commanded by __________ advanced on Constantinople and Rome. The ________________ Roman Empire continued to decline and eventually fell during the reign of Romulus Augustus in _________AD. The Eastern half of the empire, with its capital city __________________________, lasted for another 1000 years as the ________________ Empire. Roman Contributions to Western CivilizationMost of the following achievements of Roman civilization you should be able to fill in on your own. If you need to, use pages 178-183 to add to the ernment:Law:Religion (list two): Science (in class):Literature: Architecture & Engineering:Language (list 2): Public health:What is Western civilization and why does it have its roots in Rome?Vocab matchingCapital city of the Eastern Roman EmpireRoman Emperor who divided the empire into Eastern and Western halvesInvaded Roman Empire especially along northern borderA person who is hired to fight, but not always loyalThe apostle who founded the Christian churchThe apostle who spread the word of Christ through his travels and lettersOppression for beliefsForced exile and dispersal of the JewsHuge temple with a dome in RomeThe original written Roman code laws; hung in the forumRomans built these tubes to carry water to the citiesThe political, economic, and civic center of RomeUpper legislative body of Roman RepublicRomans elected two of these as the executive branchIndirect or representative democracyRich Roman citizensPoor Roman citizensNorth African city; foe of Rome 3 series of wars fought between Rome and CarthageReligion to which Constantine convertsIncreased peace and prosperity in the Roman EmpireDude that nearly succeeded in destroying Rome during Punic WarsLegalized Christianity; renamed Byzantium for himselfNephew of Julius Caesar; 2nd Triumvirate; began Pax RomanaCrossed Rubicon and made himself “Dictator for life”River along which Rome was builtTiber RiverJulius CaesarAugustus CaesarConstantineHannibalPax RomanaChristianityPunic WarsCarthagePlebianPatricianRepublicConsulSenateForumAqueductTwelve TablesPantheonDiasporaPersecutionPaulPeterMercenaryGermanic tribesDiocletianConstantionple/ByzantiumCause and Effect: Use the phrases in the words below to complete the Cause/Effect ChartsPax RomanaPunic WarsSpread of ChristianityFall of the Roman EmpireRise of Julius CaesarJewish DiasporaGeographic protectionGreek mythologyDivision of the Roman Empire501967527686000195262531559500Augustus defeats other members of 2nd Triumvirate; civil wars end _______________317182533782000________________ Rome gains control of an empire in the Western Mediterranean 447675035052000Dedicated apostles; appeal of salvation ______________________ 431482534417000Germanic tribes invade; poor leadership; economic turmoil _____________________431482531877000Gap between rich and poor; increasing power of generals ____________________467677533147000Jews rebel against Roman rule in 1st and 2nd centuries AD _____________________262890031559500Rome located on a peninsula and isolated to the north by Alps _________________________467677531877000__________________ adapted Roman MythologyDiocletian felt the empire was too large for one man to govern __________________Rome Geography Practice:Rome is closest to letter _______Gaul was near letter _______Carthage is closest to letter _______Letter N is the ____________________ SeaLetter D is the location of the _________________ MountainsThe territory at all the letters on the map was controlled by the Roman Empire EXCEPT letter _________.Circle the map below that shows the Roman Empire at its height (look at the shaded area)Complete the chronology below with the people, ideas, vocabulary words, places, and dates needed.600-509 BCRome is ruled by the ______________ kings. 509 BCThe two main groups of citizens _________________ and _______________ put aside their differences to form an alliance to overthrow the kings of Rome. They set up a ____________, a form of government in which citizens elect their representatives. 451 BCTo safeguard the rights of its citizens, Rome created its first written code of laws, the ________________________.264 -146 BC During the ___________ ___ Rome waged three wars against its rival _______________. The wars started over control of Sicily and other territories in the Western Mediterranean. Despite the temporary success of the Carthaginian general __________________, who marched with an army across the Alps to invade Rome, eventually Rome won and destroyed _________________________.60-49 BCYears of political and economic turmoil led to the rise of powerful generals like _____________________, _________________________, and ____________________ who ruled Rome as the First ______________________. During this time, ____________________ was wildly successful by conquering all of Gaul.49-27 BCThe First Triumvirate broke down when ____________________ was ordered to return to Rome to stand trial. He did, but took his army across the Rubicon River. This began the Roman Civil War, during which ___________________ was assassinated in the Senate. His nephew ________________, trusted lieutenant ___________________________, and Lepidus formed the Second _____________________ to bring Julius Caesar’s killers to justice. Eventually fighting broke out among them as well until only __________________ remained.27 BC-14 AD_______________crowned “emperor” of Rome; changed his name to ____________. His rule was known for stability and prosperity.27 BC____________________ begins. This 200 year period of general peace, stability, and prosperity saw a growth of trade, expansion of Roman power, and flourishing of the arts.~6 BC- ~27 AD______________________, the son of a carpenter, is born in the Roman province of Judea (Israel). As an adult he began preaching about a personal relationship with God and kindness to all people. He was sentenced by the Roman governor to death by ________________________. Christians believe he is the son of God. Despite being __________________ by the Roman government, his teachings were carried throughout the Roman Empire by the _______________________. 70 ADThe Jews living in in Judea rebelled against Roman rule. The Romans crushed the rebellion and destroyed the ______________________, the only part of which that remains is the Western (Wailing) Wall.79 ADAn active volcano at Mount ___________________ erupted destroying the Roman resort town of ____________________. The town was perfectly preserved by the volcanic ash and provides archeologists today with a trove of information about the ancient Romans.132 ADThe Jews in Judea rebelled against Roman rule again. This time, after crushing the rebellion, the Romans forced the Jews into exile and scattered them throughout the empire so they could no longer pose a threat. This is called the Jewish ___________.180 ADA series of poor leaders and increasing economic strain cause the Pax Romana to end. Over the next 300 years, the empire shrunk because of invasions by _________________ tribes to the north and east. 284 ADTo solve the problem of managing such a vast territory, the emperor __________________ divided the empire into ____________________ and ______________ halves.312 ADThe Roman Emperor _________________ converted to Christianity after seeing a sign from God that enabled him to defeat an opponent for the crown. The next year he issued the ________________________ which legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire 444 AD______________ unified the fearsome Huns and led them against the Romans near Constantinople and Rome. The Romans were powerless against him and were saved only by his untimely death._____ ADThe Roman Empire in the __________ falls. The more prosperous Eastern half continues as the Byzantine Empire.DebateImagine you are senators of the Roman Republic/Empire. You are debating the following topics to decide what you should do. Your debates will take place “back then.” So, you can use what we know from history to say that something “might” or “could” happen, but you can’t assume they happened that way. In groups of four (2 opposing teams of 2), select a resolution to debate:Resolved: Octavian (Augustus) should take over the republic and install himself as imperator (emperor).Resolved: Diocletian should divide the Roman Empire into Eastern and Western halves.Resolved: Julius Caesar should install himself as “dictator.”Resolved: The repeated invasions by Germanic tribes is the single greatest threat to the empire (debate happening in late 300’s AD)Resolved: The Romans should crush the Jewish rebellion and exile the Jews from Judea (Canaan, Palestine, Israel).Resolved: The Roman Empire must continue to expand to gain access to more slaves in order to continue economic growth.Resolved: The Christians should be persecuted and if they refuse to convert to an accepted religion, be executed. Resolved: The Roman Empire should use non-Romans and mercenaries to augment the military.Resolved: Rome should go to war with Carthage and destroy it (debate 3rd Punic War). Assignment Guidelines:Use the debate template to develop your arguments. Conduct research in and out of class to develop your arguments.Make speech outlines to delivery your affirmative and negative speeches.Consider how to rebut your opponents’ arguments Consider proper public speaking strategiesThis will be worth a project grade of 60 Points. How you’ll be graded:Participation in developing arguments and preparing for debate: _____/20 PointsDebate judgement: _____/40 PointsNotes for other debates: _____/20 PointsGroup PresentationsIn groups of 2 or 3, choose one of the following topics. Your mission is to create a presentation with a short PowerPoint or Prezi. You should cover all the major historical questions: Who? What? When? Where? How? Why?Your presentation should only last 5 minutes or so. All PowerPoints must be saved on a flashdrive or e-mailed to Pope before class period. Do not assume I received your presentation; make sure I respond. If we have to take time to log off the computer to log you in, you will lose points.Augustus Caesar (Octavian) becomes Roman EmperorJulius Caesar becomes dictator of Rome/Roman Civil WarDivision of Roman Empire into Eastern and Western EmpiresGermanic invasions (Goths, Huns, Vandals, or other)Jewish rebellion & diasporaLife of JesusSpread of ChristianityConstantine’s conversion to ChristianityPunic WarsAny Roman EmperorPantheonRoman engineering (arches, roads, domes, etc.)Roman mythologyGladiators & gladiatorial gamesRoman RepublicFall of the Roman Empire (reasons for, or the end of the empire)How you’ll be graded:Time on task/equal share of work:____/20 PointsAccuracy:____/20 PointsMeet guidelines:____/10 PointsAnswer who, what, when, where, why, how questions:____/10 PointsTotal:____/60 PointsWhy you should pay attention & add to your notes while presentations are being given:You will have a short, open note quiz on this material upon completion of the presentations. You may only use those notes you took during presentations. ................
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