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Runnymede Perspectives

The Runnymede School Report

Race, Education and Inequality in Contemporary Britain

Edited by Claire Alexander, Debbie Weekes-Bernard and Jason Arday

Runnymede: Intelligence for a Multi-ethnic Britain

Runnymede is the UK's leading independent thinktank on race equality and race relations. Through highquality research and thought leadership, we:

? Identify barriers to race equality and good race relations;

? Provide evidence to support action for social change;

? Influence policy at all levels.

Disclaimer This publication is part of the Runnymede Perspectives series, the aim of which is to foment free and exploratory thinking on race, ethnicity and equality. The facts presented and views expressed in this publication are, however, those of the individual authors and not necessariliy those of the Runnymede Trust.

ISBN: 978-1-909546-10-3

Published by Runnymede in August 2015, this document is copyright ? Runnymede 2015. Some rights reserved.

Open access. Some rights reserved. The Runnymede Trust wants to encourage the circulation of its work as widely as possible while retaining the copyright. The trust has an open access policy which enables anyone to access its content online without charge. Anyone can download, save, perform or distribute this work in any format, including translation, without written permission. This is subject to the terms of the Creative Commons Licence Deed: Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 UK: England & Wales. Its main conditions are:

? You are free to copy, distribute, display and perform the work;

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? You may not use this work for commercial purposes;

? You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work.

You are welcome to ask Runnymede for permission to use this work for purposes other than those covered by the licence. Runnymede is grateful to Creative Commons for its work and its approach to copyright. For more information please go to

Runnymede St Clement's Building, London School of Economics, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE T 020 7377 9222 E info@



Contents

Foreword

3

Introduction: Race and Education ? Contemporary Contexts

4

and Challenges

Claire Alexander, Debbie Weekes-Bernard and Jason Arday

SECTION I: IDEOLOGIES

6

1. The Monsterisation of Race Equality: How Hate Became Honourable 6 David Gillborn

2. Fundamental British Values

10

Sally Tomlinson

3. Narrative, Nation and Classrooms: The Latest Twists and Turns

14

in a Perennial Debate

Robin Richardson

SECTION II: BLACK AND MINORITY ETHNIC PUPIL PROGRESS

17

4. Aspirations, Language and Poverty: Attainment and Ethnicity

17

Simon Burgess

5. Ethnic Education and Labour Market Position in Britain (1972-2013) 22 Yaojun Li

SECTION III: TEACHING AND TEACHER TRAINING

27

6. Challenging Cultures in Initial Teacher Education

27

Uvanney Maylor

7. `Racism, It's Part of My Everyday Life': Black and Minority

32

Ethnic Pupils' Experiences in a Predominantly White School

Vini Lander

SECTION IV: SCHOOL CULTURES AND EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES

36

8. Black and Minority Ethnic Students on the Margins:

36

Self-segregation or Enforced Exclusion?

Gill Crozier

9. `Dangerous' Muslim Girls? Race, Gender and Islamophobia

40

in British Schools

Heidi Mirza

10. Social Mixing in Urban Schools: Racialising the `Good Mix'

44

Sumi Hollingworth

11. Considering Mentoring among BME Learners and Issues

48

concerning Teacher Training: The Narratives of Students and

Teachers

Jason Arday

12. `Hard Time Pressure inna Babylon': Why Black History in Schools 51 is Failing to Meet the Needs of BME Students, at Key Stage 3 Nadena Doharty

Biographical Notes on Contributors

56

The Runnymede School Report 3

Foreword

I am delighted to be writing the foreword for the Runnymede Trust's Perspectives report on Race, Education and Inequality. We know that education can and does play a vital part in improving a child's life chances as well as improving society as a whole. It can be the great equaliser ? showing it does not matter where you came from but where you are going. However as this report shows, the opportunities that formal education provide to enable our children and young people to get on in life are not available to everyone. Inequalities in education based on race and ethnicity still exist at every stage of the education journey, from early years to primary, secondary school, and beyond including university or apprenticeships.

Most worryingly 30 years on from the Swann Report, issues of racial discrimination and stereotyping still exist. Together with the trend of a narrowing curriculum, a focus on utilitarianism and increasing child poverty, these issues may not simply continue but get worse. The implications are that we will become a more divided and untrusting society than ever. And that affects all of us.

This report should be a wakeup call for politicians, educators and educational administrators. We must make sure that all of our children have the same opportunities to fulfil their potential. We must change attitudes and practice that prevents this and challenge policy that reinforces inequality in education. As part of this, we need to have measures in place to monitor and regularly report on education inequality by race and ethnicity. We will be failing our children if we do not act.

Debbie Abrahams MP

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