-Er and -ir verbs



-Er and -ir verbs

Let’s review some terms!

Verb: a part of speech indicating action

Infinitive: an unchanged verb. In English it usually includes the word “to” – to be, to swim, to eat, to live, etc. In Spanish all infinitives end in either -ar, -er-, ir.

Ex: to swim = nadar

to eat = comer

to live = vivir

Conjugate: To change the verb from the infinitive to a form that matches the subject.

Subject: The person or thing doing the action

Conjugations: the forms of the verb after you conjugate it.

Ex: to swim: I swim; you swim; he she or it swims; we swim; they swim

Nadar: yo nado, tú nadas, él/ella/ Ud. Nada, nosotros nadamos, ellos/as/ Uds nadan

Subject pronouns: a word that replaces the proper names of nouns. In English: I, you, he, she, it,

we, they. In Spanish:

To conjugate a verb in Spanish you

1. “Chop suey” – take of the ending, -ar, -er, -ir

a. you are left with the stem of the verb

i. nadar – ar = nad (the stem)

2. “schmoosh” – and on the appropriate ending to match the subject.

| |-AR endings |-ER endings |-IR endings |

|Yo |o |o |o |

|Tú |as |es |es |

|Él, ella, Ud. |a |e |e |

|Nosotros/as |amos |emos |imos |

|Vosotros/as |áis |éis |ís |

|Ellos, ellas, Uds. |an |en |en |

Er and ir verbs have the same endings except for the nosotros and vosotros forms

Let’s practice conjugating –er, and –ir verbs!

veo vemos

ves véis

ve ven

Complete each sentence below with the correct form of the most logical verb in parentheses.

1. Los amigos ____________________ (aprender/comer) en la cafetería de la escuela.

2. Yo ____________________ (recibir/ver) a mi amigo Juan en la sala de clase.

3. Catalina y yo ____________________ (beber/leer) té helado en el café.

4. ¿____________________ Uds. (leer/comprender) cuando el profesor habla?

5. El alumno ____________________ (comprender/escribir) en el cuaderno.

6. Nosotros ____________________ (vivir/ver) en México.

7. ¿____________________ tú (aprender/recibir) notas buenas en la clase de matemáticas?

8. ¿Qué ____________________ Ud.? Una novela de Isabel Allende. (escribir/leer)

9. La familia López ____________________ (beber/vivir) en un apartamento grande.

10. Las alumnas argentinas ____________________ (aprender/comer) el inglés.

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We (m) = Nosotros

We (f) = Nosotras

I = yo

You (m) = Vosotros

You (f) = Vosotras

You = tú

They (m) = ellos

They (f) = ellas

You all = Uds.

He = él

She = ella

You = Ud.

Recibir = to receive

Vivir = to live

Vender = to sell

Beber = to drink

Aprender = to learn

Escribir = to write

Ver = to see

Leer = to read

Comer = to eat

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